{"id":8844,"date":"2025-09-15T00:36:59","date_gmt":"2025-09-14T21:36:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gnbtqytp2s.onrocket.site\/?post_type=makaleler&#038;p=8844"},"modified":"2025-09-15T00:37:03","modified_gmt":"2025-09-14T21:37:03","slug":"limited-company-turkey","status":"publish","type":"makaleler","link":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/limited-company-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Limited Company (Ltd. \u015eti.) in Turkey | Structure, Capital &amp; Registration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>A <strong>Limited Company (Ltd. \u015eti.)<\/strong> is the most common form of business entity in Turkey, chosen by nearly <strong>82% of all registered companies<\/strong>. Like the <a href=\"\/en?p=8841\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Joint Stock Company (A.\u015e.)<\/strong><\/a>, it is a <strong>capital company<\/strong> \u2014 meaning shareholders are liable only up to the capital they commit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key differences compared to an A.\u015e.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Shareholder cap:<\/strong> Maximum of 50 shareholders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>No bearer shares:<\/strong> Only registered shares are possible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>No public offering:<\/strong> Ltd. \u015eti. cannot be listed on the stock exchange.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Capital &amp; Payment Rules<\/strong> (2025)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Minimum capital:<\/strong> <strong>TRY 50,000<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cash contributions:<\/strong> Can be paid in full within <strong>24 months<\/strong> after registration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In-kind capital:<\/strong> Allowed (e.g., immovable property, IP rights) subject to valuation and registry annotations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For details on various structures, check <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/minimum-capital-requirements-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Minimum Capital Requirements in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Governance &amp; Shareholders<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A Limited Company has two main organs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>General Assembly (GA):<\/strong> Approves amendments, elects directors, auditors, and decides on dissolution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Director \/ Board of Directors:<\/strong> Manages and represents the company. At least <strong>one director must also be a shareholder<\/strong>. There are no nationality or residency restrictions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Need the exact paperwork? See <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/documents-for-company-registration-in-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Documents for Company Registration in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Share Transfer Rules<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike an A.\u015e., the transfer of shares in a Ltd. \u015eti. is <strong>subject to General Assembly approval<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The process typically involves:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Drafting a notarised share transfer agreement<\/strong> between buyer and seller.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Approval by the General Assembly<\/strong> (unless the articles allow automatic approval).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Registration<\/strong> of the transfer at the Trade Registry and announcement.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Full details: <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/share-transfer-in-turkish-companies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Share Transfer in Turkish Companies<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Registration Process<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The establishment process is fast and digital through <strong>MERS\u0130S<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Steps include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Drafting the <strong>company contract<\/strong> via MERS\u0130S.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obtaining a <strong>tax number<\/strong> for foreign shareholders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certifying <strong>founder and director signatures<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paying the <strong>Competition Authority fee<\/strong> (0.04% of capital).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Filing documents at the <strong>Trade Registry Directorate<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For a step-by-step breakdown, see <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/steps-to-establish-company-in-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Steps to Establish a Company in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Audit &amp; Compliance<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Limited companies exceeding certain thresholds (assets, turnover, employees) must undergo <strong>independent audit<\/strong> under international auditing standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/company-audit-in-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Company Audit in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dissolution &amp; Liquidation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Like A.\u015e., a Ltd. \u015eti. can be dissolved voluntarily or due to legal reasons. After liquidation, assets are distributed among shareholders proportionally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/liquidation-of-company-in-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Liquidation of a Company in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why Choose Ltd. \u015eti. Over A.\u015e.?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lower minimum capital (TRY 10,000).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simpler governance model (fewer formalities).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suitable for SMEs, family businesses, and foreign investors seeking a cost-effective entry into Turkey.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Share transfer restrictions may limit flexibility.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cannot issue bearer shares or go public.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Compare with: <a href=\"\/en?p=8841\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Joint Stock Company (A.\u015e.) in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Required Documents (At a Glance)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Company contract<\/strong> (approved by founders).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Signature declarations<\/strong> of directors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Competition Authority fee receipt<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Valuation reports<\/strong> (if in-kind capital).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Board member acceptance<\/strong> (if non-partner directors are appointed).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Full checklist: <a href=\"https:\/\/mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/articles\/documents-for-company-registration-in-turkey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Documents for Company Registration in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Get Professional Support<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MFY Legal assists foreign entrepreneurs, SMEs, and corporate investors in structuring their Turkish Ltd. \u015eti. correctly from drafting contracts to handling registrations and ongoing compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contact us today to start your <strong>Limited Company formation in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Limited Company (Ltd. \u015eti.) is the most common form of business entity in Turkey, chosen by nearly 82% of all registered companies. Like the Joint Stock Company (A.\u015e.), it is a capital company \u2014 meaning shareholders are liable only up to the capital they commit. Key differences compared to an A.\u015e.: Capital &amp; Payment&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8846,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"inline_featured_image":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":""},"custom-post-tag":[143],"practice-area":[161],"published-year":[157],"class_list":["post-8844","makaleler","type-makaleler","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","custom-post-tag-articles","practice-area-company-law","published-year-2025-en"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"custom-post-tag":[{"value":143,"label":"Articles"}],"practice-area":[{"value":161,"label":"Company Law"}],"published-year":[{"value":157,"label":"2025"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/limited-company-turkey-structure-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"MFY Legal","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/author\/mfylegal\/"},"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/makaleler\/8844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/makaleler"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/makaleler"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"custom-post-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/custom-post-tag?post=8844"},{"taxonomy":"practice-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/practice-area?post=8844"},{"taxonomy":"published-year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfylegal.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/published-year?post=8844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}